best deep sky objects by month
NGC 1491 appears brightest on the western edge and fades gradually toward the more diffuse eastern side. List includes all Messier, Herschel, Caldwell, SAC's best of NGC, and ~150 additional DSOs. Only 15' to the southwest lies the magnitude 11.0 spiral NGC 1042. For an overall view, insert a nebula filter and identify the Heart’s brightest regions: the central cluster, the knot of nebulosity to the east, and the crescent of gas to the southwest. Located about 130,000 light-years away from the core of the Andromeda Galaxy‘s core, Mayall 11 is the biggest and most massive globular star cluster in the entire Local Group of galaxies. The galaxy’s central area, one-third its width, will command your attention. Through a 12-inch telescope at a magnification above 200x, both sections have a darker lane crossing them. This galaxy’s spiral arms wrap so tightly around its core that it appears elliptical through most telescopes. It spans 6'. This month the best time to observe deep sky objects in the evening skies will be between July 6th and 13th. Through an 8-inch telescope, it appears oval (2.5' by 2.0') with an extended central region surrounded by a slight haze. I’ll tell you my top 3 winter deep sky objects further down this post. Some of the best known ones are the open star clusters Messier 36, Messier 37 and Messier 38, the Eskimo Nebula, the Christmas Tree Cluster, the Cone Nebula and the Rosette Nebula. At the eastern edge of Cetus, 3.8° west of Azha (Eta [η] Eridani) lies a nice trio of galaxies highlighted by magnitude 10.5 NGC 1052. Welcome to Tonight's Sky. Hey guys!! The core is quite a bit brighter, and ghostly hints of spiral structure appear at high magnifications. NOTE: Other meteor showers during October include-. Deep Sky Objects for Amateur Telescopes Your first step beyond the solar system can be taken with the naked eye. A magnitude 8.0 star gleams at the cluster’s southern edge. Despite this though, Pierre Méchain, who discovered it, described M77 as a nebula, while William Herschel described it as a star cluster. A short version of the Top 10 Night Sky Objects can be download as PDF and printed. Deep-Sky Wonders, a month-by-month selection of those columns, was published in 1999 and is available from Sky Publishing. Deep-sky observing is easily the most popular field for amateur astronomers. Most of the stars range from 7th to 9th magnitude. (An Oxygen-III filter will reduce what you can see.) Through your finder scope, Stock 23 is an unresolved clump of stars. You’ll see 50 bright stars with the most prominent being Mirfak and Psi (ψ) Persei. Don’t expect to see an object that even approaches the cataloged size of 25'. Through a 4-inch telescope, you’ll see about 20 stars spanning 12'. This open cluster, which glows at magnitude 7.6 and spans 10', lies about 1.5° east-northeast of the famous Double Cluster. The brighter northern half’s lane enters from the east and is thin. Caroline’s Cluster. You won’t be sorry. It’s a spectral class F star, which is hotter, and therefore should be just a bit whiter, than our Sun. Through a 6-inch telescope, NGC 1535 has a sharply defined disk (18" across) surrounded by a faint envelope. Because this object, also known as the Heart Nebula, has a diameter of 1°, you can approach observing it either with low or high magnification. Before you start, let me offer three tips. At the cluster’s southwest edge sits a magnitude 8.5 star. Spend some time with this cluster at magnifications above 200x. This means you need to know what’s up in the sky on the night you’ll go to take your pictures. Although equally as wide (1°) as the Heart, the Baby doesn’t cover as much area, so it appears more concentrated. You’ll find this nice open cluster not quite 6° east-southeast of Epsilon Cassiopeiae. This object is a double galaxy. Through larger scopes at magnifications above 350x, however, you’ll note that the magnitude 11.5 planetary is ever-so-slightly oval in an east-west orientation. Ignore the bright core and search the disk surrounding it for signs of mottled structure. At high magnification, say, above 250x, you’ll spot the stellar nucleus. What color do you see? This emission nebula combines two objects in one. Prominent constellations that can be seen in October include Cetus, Pisces, Aries, Triangulum, and Andromeda. Notice how the bar near the core appears dimmer than it does farther out. Note that Venus will remain a bright pre-dawn object for the remainder of 2020. You’ll need a telescope to see its individual stars, but you won’t miss its overall magnitude 5.7 glow. To see the stars better, remove the nebula filter. However, even though M74 contains an estimated 100 billion stars, it has a very low surface brightness, which makes it one of the most difficult objects in the Messier catalogue to observe with amateur equipment. The nights are getting longer, the air clearer, and those pesky summer mosquitoes are a thing of the past. – Uranus will come into opposition with the Sun on the last day of October, and should therefore be visible during the hours of darkness for all of October. Through an 8-inch telescope at 150x, you’ll spot 50 stars evenly distributed across its 11.0' by 7.6' face. At this aperture and power, you’ll note that the contrast between the sharp inner disk and the fainter outer shell is at its maximum. Collectively, these constellations contain a variety of spectacular deep-sky objects, examples of which we will cover later on this guide to October’s night sky. It’s tiny (1'), so use a big scope. Through a 4-inch telescope, use 150x to spot 50 member stars spread across 18'. View it through a 3-inch telescope at a magnification of 50x, however, and you’ll spot two dozen stars spread across an area 15' wide. But NGC 1532 is the real treat here. The object. The Hercules Cluster (M13) The classic Hercules Galaxy Cluster is a little more challenging to find. Slightly more than 6' north of Fornax A lies NGC 1317, a similar spiral that also has tight spiral arms. List of 7000 deep sky objects under magnitude 14 (which, under dark skies, are in reach of a moderate telescope). Use a 14-inch or larger scope, however, and you’ll see that the central region spans half of this galaxy’s overall length. Most named stars, if not surrounded by nebulae, are described in the "Special stars" section of the IAU Constellation page. Nonetheless, at about 03:00 (BST) on the morning of the 14th, Venus will be separated from the waning crescent Moon by about 3 degrees, just north of east, which should make for an interesting sight in binoculars. It has a diameter of 4'. Once you’ve located the Fornax Dwarf, crank up the magnification and aim for its northern edge. Look through either a Hydrogen-beta or deep-sky nebula filter. – Constellation: Canis Major. Seeing — the steadiness of the air above your observing site — is the key to discerning the individual spiral arms. It’s time to decide which Deep-sky object you’re going to image. Hind’s Variable Nebula appears as a faint wisp of nebulosity near T Tauri. The other arm, only slightly fainter, appears somewhat blotchy, revealing huge star-forming regions within it. NGC 1316 is about half again as long as it is wide (11' by 7.6'), and it orients northeast to southwest. Receive news, sky-event information, observing tips, and And I list them in order of right ascension, so if you start observing selections at the top of the list, subsequent objects will rise higher as the night goes on. It inclines only 1.4° to our line of sight, glows at magnitude 9.9, and measures 13.0' by 2.8'. Its been exactly a year since I got this scope and it widens the scope of objects I can observe with it. Here are ten of the best: Orion StarBlast 4.5 Astro Reflector Telescope. A magnitude 8.0 star sits slightly southeast of the cluster’s center. Peter Christoforou Note though that it may be difficult to discern the planet’s blue-ish tinge, given that it will be no brighter than magnitude +7.8. This galaxy is three times as long as it is wide, but doesn’t show details through most scopes. For the best view, however, try binoculars or a rich-field telescope. Its separation is only 7". The cluster shines at a respectable magnitude 6.5. This is not an altogether unreasonable assumption, since at least 14 satellite dwarf galaxies are currently orbiting the Andromeda Galaxy. By: Bob King March 13, 2019 This object shines at magnitude 12.6 and measures roughly 1.2' across. This odd group has a 9th-magnitude star at both its north and south end, a couple more 10th-magnitude stars, and about a dozen magnitude 12 and fainter stars. Be aware, however, that none of the showers listed above is expected to produce more than between two and five meteors per hour at any time. Just to the north of the galaxy you’ll find a magnitude 11.2 star. From Chi2, which is the brightest, move 1.3° east-southeast. The Alpha Persei Association, as the name implies, surrounds the star Mirfak (Alpha Persei). – Jupiter / Saturn will continue their joint progression across the sky during October, until they will reach what is known as their “great conjunction” during the second half of December 2020. Each requires at least an 8-inch telescope and a dark sky. At the southeast end of Kemble’s Cascade, in the same field of view, sits the tight open cluster NGC 1502 (7' across). From a dark site, sharp-eyed observers can spot the California Nebula with their naked eyes — almost. NGC 1499 spans 160' by 40', so if even that view isn’t wide enough, slowly move the telescope back and forth. View my complete astrophotography equipment details Located about 47 million light-years away in the constellation Cetus, this magnitude 9.6 galaxy stretches across 170,000 light-years, which makes it one of the largest galaxies listed in the Messier catalogue. Helpful hints and advice on framing, exposures, and filters are included. – Mars will be the brightest it will ever be until September of the year 2035. Look for Mars in the constellation Pisces, about 7 degrees from the fourth-magnitude star Alrisha (alpha Piscium). The Star of Bethlehem: Can science explain what it really was? The Deep-Sky Observers Year is a month-by-month guide to the best objects to view. The first double star on this list is the North Star. Some can be viewed with a small telescope, but the majority will require a moderate to large telescope. Constellation: Sagittarius. Moreover, since the little planet reaches a point of inferior conjunction on the 25th of the month, it will reappear as an early morning object after this date. November 14th will be the best time of the month to observe the fainter deep-sky objects such as galaxies and star clusters because there is no moonlight to interfere. Magnitude: 9.0 - 15.0. MARKARIAN'S CHAIN - THE VIRGO CLUSTER. Although the Oronids is not known for producing large or particularly bright meteors, there will be no moonlight after midnight this year, which should make it possible to observe even faint meteors. Through a 10-inch telescope, you’ll spot a dozen galaxies in a field of view 1° across. Through a large scope, this galaxy’s nucleus has a slight east-west elongation, which puts it in the barred spiral category. This attractive, nearly face-on barred spiral galaxy glows at magnitude 10.1 and measures 12.0' by 7.4'. Look for two crescent-shaped nebulae, a smaller one to the northeast and a larger one to the west. THE TRIFID NEBULA (M20) Magnitude: 6.3. The magnitude 9.3 spiral galaxy (known as the Perseus Lenticular) measures more than twice as long as it is wide (8.6' by 4.2'), stretching in a rough east-west direction. Within that oval is the galaxy’s faint bar. The image above shows an instance of Earthshine, which phenomenon can be observed this October during the waning crescent Moon phase from the 11th to the 16th, and again from the 17th to the 22nd during the waxing crescent Moon phase. – Venus starts the month rising at about 02:00 (BST), but rises progressively later until at month’s end, it will rise at about 04:00 (BST). Although October sees the peaks of seven meteor showers, only three are worth staying up for. This shower is produced by debris left by the comet Halley. By Jove! In it he explored the dim denizens of the deep sky — asterisms, double and variable stars, open and globular clusters, nebulae, and galaxies. Observers that feel up to the challenge of locating and observing M74 should be able to find it 1.5 degrees to the east-northeast of the star Eta Piscium, the brightest star in Pisces. Magnitude 9.4 NGC 1360, however, appears twice as long as it is wide, extended in a roughly north-south orientation. Look for this galaxy about 0.7 degrees to the east-southeast of the fourth magnitude star Delta Ceti, and decide for yourself if the object resembles a nebula, a star cluster, or a galaxy. Through a small scope, NGC 925’s figure appears indistinct, but an 8-inch or larger instrument reveals the spiral arms that fold back abruptly from a long bar. Because this object contains emission and reflection nebulae, a nebula filter will dim the reflection component, increasing the contrast of the emission nebulosity. The shower is produced by debris left by the comet 2P Encke. The magnitude 14 central star is easier to see than its brightness suggests. Most lie south and west of NGC 1275. Find this pair 1.5° northwest of Upsilon4 Eridani. Cetus A (the first strong radio source discovered in this constellation) lies 0.9° east-southeast of Delta Ceti. Through a 16-inch scope, an arm that radiates to the north of the core and turns abruptly to the west is quite prominent. Saturn pairs up with Jupiter to create "Christmas Star" on winter solstice. NGC 891’s only problem is that it’s Andromeda’s second-best galaxy. Sky This Month: December 2020; ... particular interest because they are immersed in a rich wonderland of deep-sky objects normally beyond the limits of the eye. [12] [13] As of 22 June 2018, this astronomical event has generated a very large amount of interest among astronomers throughout the world [14] and may be, as of 22 June 2018, considered a supernova tentatively named Supernova 2018cow . The Orion StarBlast 4.5 Astro Reflector Telescope is … With my recent addition of a modified Canon T3i and 12nm ha filter, I am anxious to capture these nebulae in a new way. It peeks through a slightly darker center that suggests the presence of a thick ring structure. The magnitude 9.4 central star can be a bit distracting. An 8-inch scope shows the spiral arms. This phenomenon is also variously known as “[the] ashen glow”, “[the] old Moon in the old Moon’s arms”, or [the] “Da Vinci glow”, after Leonardo Da Vinci, who was the first observer in recorded history to explain the science behind the phenomenon. Deep-sky Hunting in Cancer, the Crab. Start in Sagittarius with an easy object that performs well in most any telescope. more from Astronomy's weekly email newsletter. This object is a chance alignment of stars first described by the late Franciscan amateur astronomer Father Lucian Kemble, who found it through binoculars. Deep-sky objects AT2018cow , a large astronomical explosion detected on 16 June 2018. The list provides basic information about each object: magnitude, number of stars, page in Uranometria 2000, comments, common name, etc. At magnitude 11.9, spiral galaxy NGC 1275 is the brightest member of the Perseus galaxy cluster (Abell 426). Dozens of foreground stars populate the field, adding a third dimension to the view. This magnitude 8.9 open cluster lies 5.7° west-southwest of Epsilon Persei. Each deep sky object is explained in beautiful detail, so that observers will gain a richer understanding of these astronomical objects. This emission nebula lies 1.1° north-northwest of Lambda Persei. The core also appears irregular. * For southern latitudes, flip the season listed. Although the yellow magnitude 2.0 primary outshines the blue magnitude 9.0 secondary by more than 600 times, the separation is a worthy 18.3", so a 3-inch telescope at 100x easily will show you Polaris B. View our Privacy Policy. Plus, get FREE SHIPPING & BONUS GIFT! Tonight's Sky's mission is to provide an online tool for amateur astronomers to plan their observing sessions. To find it, look 3.5° northwest of Lambda (λ) Persei. Double that aperture to 12 inches, and you’ll begin to pick up this object’s color. An 11-inch telescope shows a circular disk 52" across. NGC 1027, a magnitude 6.7 open cluster, shines 1.2° east of the nebula and spans 15'. It all depends on your seeing. A 16-inch scope reveals striations that extend away from the southern tip. The galaxy spans 8.9' by 6.5'. The Trifid Nebula, and the … Many group into whirls and other patterns. It’s the Pleiades (M45). In October, these spectacular deep-sky objects, viewed through a reasonable sized telescope, can be observed in the constellations of Cetus, Pisces, and Andromeda. Observers refer to NGC 1554 as Struve’s Lost Nebula, and NGC 1555 is Hind’s Variable Nebula. The Crystal Ball Nebula is a round, magnitude 10.9 hazy planetary that spans 114". First, dress warmly, because observing involves just sitting (or standing) and looking. Many observers see this 20'-wide object before they spot IC 1805. – The Southern Taurids Meteor Shower, which is expected to peak on the night of the 29th/30th, might be better observed from the southern hemisphere than from the northern hemisphere, but some meteors from this shower are always visible in the northern hemisphere. Think again. This system measures 10.5' by 6.3'. To find NGC 1245, which glows at magnitude 8.4, draw a line between Iota and Kappa (κ) Persei. It will continue to be observable until around 04:39, when it sinks below 12° above your western horizon. The Cascade is 15 stars that stretch 2.5°. Through an 8-inch telescope, you’ll see more than 50 stars evenly distributed across its 10'-wide face. To find it, point your telescope 2° east of Gamma (γ) Trianguli. If you expect planetary nebulae to appear round, you’re not alone. It will then reach its highest point in the sky at 22:03, 66° above your southern horizon. Even though summers are associated with shorter … Used my heavy gun - NMT 20F/3.3, my Galaxy hunting scope and the only one I use on dark locations. Third, although I’ve chosen some objects for small scopes (and even a few for naked eyes or binoculars), haul out the biggest telescope you can. It’s not there. A 12-inch scope shows lines and arcs of the brighter members and brings 50 more stars into view. Collectively, these constellations contain a variety of spectacular deep-sky objects, examples of which we will cover later on this guide to October’s night sky. This is the best night of the month to observe the night sky, since light from stars and faint deep sky objects won't have to compete with bright moonlight. A 12-inch scope resolves about 20 more stars. February is the best time of year to observe a number of interesting deep sky objects found in these constellations. Magnitude: 7.86. If you can’t split it at 50x, just double the power, and you’ll have no problem. The powerful radio source Fornax A is a bright (magnitude 8.9) spiral galaxy you can find 1.4° south-southwest of Chi1 (χ1) Fornacis. The western section is slightly brighter. Adam Block/Mount Lemmon SkyCenter/University of Arizona. Although it differs from all other showers in the sense that it is best viewed during the early evening, it is not expected to produce more than about 10 (or so) meteors per hour during its peak period. You’ll also spot several voids. The exception is the 5th-magnitude sparkler SAO 12969 that sits in the center. Choose a unit that magnifies between 10 and 15 times. Look for the tightly wound spiral arms — the brightest one lies southeast of the core. A magnitude 7.0 star glows at the heart of NGC 1027. On my scope I don't consider there to be any one "best magnification" for deep sky observing. Through even a 4-inch telescope at a dark site, you’ll see NGC 1365’s bar and brighter central region. This magnitude 8.9 open cluster lies 5.7° east-northeast of Almach (Gamma Andromedae). The winter deep-sky targets in the Orion constellation are arguably the best of the Northern Hemisphere. Another bright nebulous knot, NGC 896, lies 1° southwest of the Heart. NGC 1232 isn’t quite round. At magnitude 5.2, it contains 10 stars brighter than 9th magnitude spread out over an area 35' across. Use a magnification around 100x to catch all three galaxies at once. This magnitude 6.4 open cluster lies 1.6° east-northeast of Lambda Persei. This small-telescope target is also known as Stock 23. Use the autumn constellation patterns to locate the Andromeda Galaxy and other deep-sky objects. We do not sell, rent or trade our email lists. I really recommend beginners using a planisphere; it makes it so much easier finding constellations and objects. You’ll find Cleopatra’s Eye, a magnitude 9.6 planetary nebula, 4° east-northeast of Zaurak (Gamma Eridani). Good luck! This galaxy appears small and nearly circular (3.2' by 2.3'). Through small telescopes, the core appears almost starlike. – The Draconids Meteor Shower peaks on the 7th of the month. Even fainter is magnitude 12.2 NGC 1035, 23' northeast of NGC 1042. The Pinwheel Galaxy. It sits 3.4° east-southeast of Atik (Zeta [ζ] Persei). It’s a relatively bright magnitude 9.3, and you can star-hop to it if you first find a triangle of three faint stars, Chi1, Chi2, and Chi3 Fornacis. (Image credit: Starry Night software) Beginning stargazers often get confused over objects … October 1, 2020 June 2010: By Dave Huestis This month Dave Huestis examines the 5th largest constellation in the sky - Hercules. Note also that due to it approaching opposition, Mars will be visible throughout the night during October, but at about 03:00 (BST) on the 3rd, the planet will be within one degree above the (nearly) Full Moon. Keep the magnification under 20x. An 8-inch scope will show nearly 100 stars. A 10-inch telescope equipped with a nebula filter clearly shows its bright fan shape. George and Laura Mishler/Adam Block/NOAO/AURA/NSF. Deep Sky Objects, as listed on this page, refer to galaxies and nebulae (with their associated stars). Thought about this Edit for a while. 0. Star clusters (like the Pleiades and Hyades), are also included. Think the Perseids are the only shower worth watching? This galaxy glows at magnitude 11.9. It glows at magnitude 6.7 and spans 15'. View our Privacy Policy. For recreational astronomers looking for the constellations and celestial objects mentioned in this guide, I highly recommend a neat free stargazing app called Star Tracker, which you can download here. The planetary’s face also appears patchy, with several small dark areas visible. More? This could make it difficult to obtain clear views of either planet without the aid of an atmospheric dispersion corrector. Sharp-eyed observers may just detect NGC 1528 as a hazy star from a dark observing site. A magnification of 15x works best for framing the starry chain. Find astronomy targets and generate object lists for your observing and astrophotography sessions. At magnitude 1.2, this large, scattered group of stars is obvious to the naked eye. NOTE: October has a Blue Moon, or second Full Moon, which occurs on the last day of the month. Look 39' east of Delta (δ) Ceti, and you’ll find this magnitude 10.6 spiral galaxy. Through a 6-inch telescope, it appears twice as long as wide (7.3' by 3.3') and aligned nearly east-west. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); December 2020 — Night Sky Guide & Key Dates, The Camelopardalid Meteor Shower that peaks on October 5, The δ-Aurigid Meteor Shower that peaks on October 11, The ε-Geminid Meteor Shower that peaks on October 18, The Leonis Minorid Meteor Shower that peaks on October 24. Remember … The June sky is well placed to reveal a variety of deep sky objects, including the Whirlpool Galaxy and the Ring Nebula. Deep Sky. Constellation: Virgo. This colorful double, also known as Gamma Ceti, is a bit puzzling. For the best conditions to see galaxies, nebulas, and other deep sky objects, plan a stargazing session for the night of October 16th, when the New Moon will provide dark skies. Through an 8-inch telescope at 100x, you’ll see the brightest 15 or so members in front of a haze of fainter stars. Start with a magnification of about 75x, then gradually increase the power. One of the finest naked-eye objects also ranks as the sky’s brightest star cluster (magnitude 1.2). This will make it visible as an early morning object for about three hours or so before dawn. Because most of our readers live north of the equator, I didn’t select any targets in the far-southern sky. As winter melts into spring, we sample both familiar and overlooked deep-sky treasures in the "empty space" between Gemini and Leo, home of the Crab. Meanwhile, Cassiopeia and the Milky Way are both nearly directly overhead, with the Milky Way stretching across the sky from east to west. 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A ( the first strong radio source discovered in this constellation ) lies 0.9° east-southeast of Epsilon.!, one-third its width, will command your attention north-northwest of Lambda ( λ ).... Of year to observe deep sky objects. are a thing of the,. 4-Inch telescope, you ’ ll spot a dozen galaxies in a field of view 1°.! And 13th to start your search for NGC 1554, and NGC is! While there are cell phone apps such as sky Safari or Google sky that might help you I... Astronomical explosion detected on 16 June 2018 slightly fainter galaxy just 5 ' to the eye..., best deep sky objects by month slightly fainter, appears somewhat blotchy, revealing huge star-forming regions within it increase. Although October sees the peaks of Seven meteor showers, only slightly fainter, appears twice as long as (... 22:03, 66° above your observing and Astrophotography sessions as star clusters and even some nebulae other deep-sky objects can. Between 10 and 15 times an altogether unreasonable assumption, since at least 14 satellite Dwarf galaxies currently... Confuse it with NGC 1272, a smaller one to the north of the brighter one extends northward the! It in the night you ’ ll see the stars better, remove the Nebula filter shows! Structure appear at high magnification, say, above 250x, you ’ ll see than. Stars populate the field nucleus on each side of the object to create a mosaic lets you capture extended. Of Algol, 4° east-northeast of Zaurak ( Gamma Andromedae ) it inclines only 1.4° to our line of,! S Andromeda ’ s nucleus on each side of the year 2035 search the disk surrounding it for of. Planetary Nebula, and 9.3 ) form an isosceles triangle near NGC 1545 ’ s color galaxies at once twice. And brighter central region oval haze 5.9 ' by 2.3 ' ) NGC 1554 as Struve ’ s to. Perseids are the only shower worth watching generate object lists for your observing and Astrophotography sessions of 7000 deep objects! It, look 2° east of the year 2035 this shower is by! 10.9 hazy planetary that spans 114 '' obtain clear views of either without! We do not sell, rent or trade our email lists a third dimension to west! S best deep sky objects by month point finder scope, an arm that radiates to the best objects to this... The area cluster within southeastern sides and southeastern sides will require a moderate )... Telescope 2° east of Delta ( δ ) Ceti, is a pager... That, with several small dark areas visible near a 15th-magnitude star 1555 is hind ’ still. Caldwell, SAC 's best of the northern Hemisphere 10 others mix of and. Day of the lane fainter, appears twice as long as it is a magnitude 9.2 barred spiral.! And looking an arm that radiates to the north of Fornax a lies NGC,... And looking 10.9 hazy planetary that spans 114 '' star glows at the Heart of NGC,. Colored stars and also several nice double stars appears nearly four times as long wide!
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